الفهرس 
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Abstract
Electrodeposition or electroplating should be defined as the process in which the deposit of a (usually) thin layer (of metal) is formed ”electrolytic” upon a substrate (that is often, but not always a metal). The purpose of such process may be to enhance or change the substrate’s appearance and/or attributes (such as corrosion resistance). Examples are the deposition of gold or silver on jewelry and utensils, and the deposition of chrome on automobile parts. Electroplating is performed in a liquid solution called an electrolyte, otherwise referred to as the ”plating bath”. The bath is a specially designed chemical solution that contains the desired metal (such as gold, copper, or nickel) dissolved in a form of submicroscopic metallic particles (positively charged ions). In addition, various substances (additives) are introduced in the bath to obtain smooth and bright deposits. The object that is to be plated is submerged into the electrolyte (plating bath). Placed usually in the bath, the object that is to be plated acts as a negatively charged cathode. The positively charged anode(s) completes the electric circuit; those may be at opposite edges of the plating tank, thus causing film deposit on both sides of the cathode. A power source in the form of a battery or rectifier (which converts AC electricity to regulated low voltage DC current) is providing the necessary current. This type of circuit arrangement directs electrons (negative charge carriers) into a path from the power supply (rectifier) to the cathode (the object to be plated). Now, in the bath the electric current is carried largely by the positively charged ions from the anode(s) toward the negatively charged cathode. This movement makes the metal ions in the bath to migrate toward extra electrons that are located at or near the cathode’s surface outer layer. Finally, by way of electrolysis the metal ions are removed from the solution and are deposited on the surface of the object as a thin layer. We refer this as ”electrodeposition” process.