الفهرس 
Purpose of the StudyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Following a Critical Discourse Analysis as an approach, this study attempts to
explain the rhetorical strategies employed by political leaders in their political
speeches and how these strategies help them to achieve their aims and ideologies.
Rhetorical strategies can be used in two ways: either to persuade or to manipulate.
Therefore, the principal objective of this study is to explore the persuasive and
manipulative strategies used by the American president Barack Obama and the
former Egyptian president Mohammad Morsi in their political speeches. The annual
speeches have been chosen as data for this study because, in this type of speech, the
speaker struggles to convince his audience of his achievements and future plans by
employing all the strategies in his speech. Three speeches are analyzed: Two
speeches of Obama, his first annual speech of his first term 2010, and his first annual
speech of his second term 2014, the third one is the first annual speech of Morsi in
2013. The analysis suggests that the two presidents employ the persuasive and
manipulative strategies in their annual speeches to convince their people of some
issues and mislead them in other critical issues. It further suggests that the American
president Barack Obama succeeds in his speeches because he knows how to balance
between the persuasive and manipulative strategies, unlike his counterpart
Mohammad Morsi who uses more manipulative strategies than persuasive, as a result,
he failed in achieving his aims.