الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the Pathological, Immunohistochemical and Biochemical effects of (Spirulina Platensis, radish oil and metformin) on streptozotocin induced diabetic male rats. One hundred sixty Albino rats (weighing about 250-300 g) were used in this study, the were randomly divided into 8 equal groups, each containing 20 rats as follows, group 1; control negative rats, group 2; rats administrated Spirulina (200 mg/kg.b.w); group 3 rats administrated radish oil (300
mg/kg.b.w. orally); group 4; rats administrated Metformin (300 mg/kg.b.w. orally);group 5: STZ diabetic rats (single intra-peritoneal injection of Streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg);group 6 STZ diabetic rats treated with Spirulina (200 mg/kg.b.w);group 7; STZ diabetic rats treated with Radish Oil (300 mg/kg.b.w) and group 8 STZ diabetic rats treated with metformin (300 mg/kg.b.w). Blood samples and tissue specimens were collected from pancreas, liver and kidneys from all rats of all groups at 15, 30 and 45 days from the start of the experiment for hematological, biochemical, histopathological and Ultrastrture examinations respectively. The hematological analysis showed significant decrease of RBCs count, HB count, PCV, Lymphocyte, blood glucose levels were significantly (P<0.001) increased in the diabetic treated group with STZ in comparison to control negative group while, The biochemical analysis revealed significant increase in lipase, α-amylase, AST, ALT, ALP, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, triglycerides and total lipid levels in the serum of diabetic rats. While, the antioxidant mean value of (GSH, SOD and GPX) in diabetic rats exhibited significant decrease all over the experimental period. The diabetic rat treated with (Spirulina Platensis, radish oil and metformin) showed a significant amelioration decrease in those previously mentioned parameters.
Concluded that Spirulina platensis and radish oil contains many antioxidant compounds that stimulate regeneration and reactivation of β-cells to produce more insulin and this improvement was confirmed by biochemical parameters, histopathological findings in the pancreas, liver and kidneys as well as the immunohistochemistry of anti-insulin antibodies in the pancreatic tissue and ultrastrtural findings in the pancreas.