الفهرس 
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Abstract
Nowadays, energy consumption is one of the world interests, implement consume large amount of energy used in agricultural mechanization systems. Experiments were carried out to study the effect of traveling speed and the inflation pressure rear tractor wheels and soil moisture on the performance of some farm machinery under different field operations. Experiments were carried out at farm of the field of Faculty of Agriculture Basrah University, Iraq.
The main results in this study can be summarized in the following points:
-1The drawbar pull and wheel slip is increased by increasing the traveling speed increased by an average (18.18% and 34.95 %) with increasing the traveling speed (from 1.73 to 4.39 km/h) in air pressure (100kpa). The pressure (100 kpa) was less drawbar pull and the wheel slip from the rest of used pressure and soil moisture content of 14.67%
-2For all field operations, increasing the traveling speed tends to increase the slip and decreasing traction efficiency for all field process studied and on levels of rear tyres pressure for tractor .It’s clear that the tractive efficiency decreased by increasing the forward speed. , the tractive efficiency decreased by an average 12.65 % with the increase of the traveling speed (from 1.73 to 4.39 km/h). This is because of losing in energy production as a result of trundling with traction. The results showed the value of higher of tractive efficiency (79%) and the wheel slippage (4%) in tyre pressure (100 Kpa) in soil moisture (14.67%) and because of overtaking pressure (100 Kpa) from the rest of pressure which gave less slip and less resistance from the rest of pressures
-3 For all field operations the rolling resistance increased with increasing the traveling speed and with all levels of used air pressure. The increasing was 0.39% in increasing for ward speed from (2.23-4.68 km/h) in inflation pressure (100 kpa). The pressure (100 kpa) was less rolling resistance compared with another pressures in soil moisture content of 14.67%
-4the effect of traveling speed and the pressures rear tractor wheels on the required power (kW) and the specific energy (kW.h/fed) for all used field operations in the research. Its obvious that by increasing the traveling speed, the required power was increased, and decreasing of specific energy , while the required power was increased by 46.43 % and the specific energy was decreased by31.77 % when the traveling speed increased (from 1.73 to 4.39 km/h). The highest value of the required power was 27.76 kW at 4.39 km/h traveling speed, in the mean time the specific energy was 16.10kW.h/fed in tyre pressure (100 Kpa) in soil moisture (14.67%) Increasing the traveling speed tends to increase the power requirement (kW) and decrease the specific energy (kW.h/fed)
-5The filed capacity increased by increasing the traveling speed, but the field efficiency decreased with the increase of traveling speed with levels of used tyres pressures rear tractor wheels and traveling speed (from 1.73 to 4.39 km/h), the effective field capacity increased by 59.61%, while the field efficiency decreased by 8.43%. The highest value of the effective field capacity was 1.56 fed/h at 4.39 km/h,and 100 kPa inflation pressure, 14.67% soil Mcdb
-6For all field operations, increasing the traveling speed tends to increase the fuel consumption (l/h) and decrease the specific fuel consumption per unit power (l/kW.h). Also, there is clear effect of with levels of used tyres pressures rear tractor wheels on each of fuel consumption and drawbar specific fuel consumption. It was increasing fuel consumption by 34 % and the drawbar specific fuel consumption was decreased by 32 % when the traveling speed increased (from 2.12 to 4.39 km/h). The highest value of the fuel consumption was 8.90 l/h at 4.39 km/h traveling speed, in the meantime the drawbar specific fuel consumption was 0.65 l/kW.h
The results of the present study led to the following conclusions:
1- The traveling speed and the levels for inflation pressure on the rear tractor wheels were the most important factors that affecting the drawbar pull and the specific energy.
2-The inflation pressure (100 kpa) was rolling resistance less drawbar pull and the wheel slip from the rest of used pressure in soil moisture content 14.67%
3- Increasing rolling resistance slippage and fuel consumption , with increasing forward speed.
4-The value of higher off tractive efficiency (79%) and the wheel slippage (4%) in tyr pressure (100 kpa) in soil moisture content (14.67%)
5- The use of tyre inflation pressure (100 Kpa) in soil moisture (14.67%) at 3.67 km/h traveling speed produced the effective field capacity , field efficiency, fuel consumption, 1.45 Fed/h, 77% , 8.0 l/h respectively.
6 - The highest value of the required power was 27.76 kW at 4.39 km/h traveling speed, in the mean time the specific energy was 16.10kW.h/fed in tyre pressure (100 Kpa) in soil moisture (14.67%)