الفهرس 
Cavitation in centrifugal pumps
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Abstract
The Nile River is the basis of the Egyptian agriculture, so it was set up more than 1,500 pump station to serve the farmland used for irrigation and those stations are affected by some factors during operation, such as water quality, water level, lifting levels and other factors, but the most important factor effects on pump stations is the water level in the river. Decrease of water level under the design of the pump stations level, causing the cavitation problem, leading to the collapse of the stations in a short time due to hydraulic and dynamic problems caused by the phenomenon of cavitation (This is an important part of the effects of dam Renaissance of Ethiopia on Egypt), so it was necessary to search for solutions to reduce the effects of lower water levels on the pump stations. And considering that pumping systems account for 20% of the world’s electrical demand and the cost of energy represents 95% of the cost to run pumping equipment, it is obvious that all research and industries would benefit from any solutions aimed at increasing pump performance. Fluid handling equipment (irrigation pumps) can suffer from several physical and mechanical problems, including general and/or localised corrosion, cavitation or reliability linked with poor efficiency or performance. All these parameters may affect the power consumption of the equipment, increasing considerably its lifetime running cost. Minimising performance deterioration is a major consideration for pump manufacturers and users.