الفهرس 
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Abstract
In most countries in recent decades, economic development and changes in lifestyle have increased longevity and the number of people who are overweight or obese. These changes have increased significantly the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, especially T2D. In 2000, 171 million people were estimated to have diabetes around the world, and this figure is expected to rise to 366 million by 2030 (Gamboa et al 2011).
DM-II is very important in women since it is one of the most common chronic diseases in postmenopausal women and it is an underlying factor for cardiovascular diseases, which is the main cause of death in Western societies. Additionally, T2D is associated with an increase in breast cancer, which is a disease with high prevalence in older women. A meta-analysis showed 23% higher risk of breast cancer in diabetic women. Also, T2D accounts for a higher proportion of deaths in women than in men (Cullmann et al 2012).
Goal and objectives
This study aims to decrease the prevalence of T2D among peri-menopausal females and improving their quality of life, through the following objectives:
1. To identify different reproductive risk factors contributed to T2D.
2. To apply diabetes risk questionnaire to find out females at higher risk of diabetes occurrence.
Subjects And Methods
Study design: A cross-sectional community-based study which were carried-out in Bini-Hassan and Nazlet- Ebeed villages which were chosen randomly through simple random sample of el- Minia district
Sample size: A sample of 402 females of Bini -Hassan and Nazlet -Ebbed villages.
Intervention:
Data collection:
1- Interview questionnaires, it contains detailed history of the subjects including socio-demographic data, family, gynecological and obstetric history.
2- Canadian Diabetes Risk Questionnaire (CANRISK): it contains main risk factors of diabetes mellitus.
3- Random blood glucose: to make screening for diabetes mellitus.
4- Body mass index (B.M.I.): by determining the weight and height of the participants to scale the degree of obesity.
5- Waist hip ratio (WHR) was measured.