الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present study aimed to determine a rapid method for early discovery of monosex tilapia “super males” of Oreochromis aureus by using 17-β ethynylestradiol as a feminizing stimulating agent. Oral administration of powdered feed containing 400 and 800 mg / kg-117-β ethynylestradiol were tested for 30 days. In the present study, monosex “super males” Oreochromis aureus “ZZ” studied at level of Cytological method, Biochemical level by means of protein electrophoretic banding patterns and Molecular genetics level by means of DNA analysis using RAPD-PCR technique. All the three techniques served the aim of the study for differentiated the monosex tilapia cases at early age. Cytological studies illustrated that from every ten fishes nine individual were converted into male “ZZ” so 90% from population became females. SDS - PAGE showed that total numbers of fractions were from 3 to 10 in female parents, from 8 to 12 in male parents. While, total numbers of fractions were from 9 to 10 in males and 9 in females fingerlings. Also, total numbers of fractions were from 3 to 7 in mono sex males. And there was common band shared in the SDS-PAGE profiles of male fingerlings and fries monosex male in one band number 12 with molecular weight (16 KDa). SDS-PAGE profiles of male and female fingerlings and fries monosex male Oreochromis aureus, shared in 3 common band numbers (6, 11 and 16) and molecular weight were (48, 17 and 13 KDa). v The results showed low differences in the SDS-PAGE muscles protein profiles of male and female fingerlings and fries monosex male Oreochromis aureus. RAPD-PCR. Seven primers were used and worked successfully in parents, converted adult females, first generation (converted fry females) and second generation (mono sex super males) .They showed different bands patterns between male and female. The total numbers of DNA fragments produced by seven primers was 35 in male parents and 33 in female parents. While, number of DNA fragments produced by the seven primers were from 33 to 35 in adult converted females and fries converted females. So, total number of DNA fragments was from 35 to 40 in males and from 33 to 35 in female. These molecular markers detected by primers (A14, B13 and C05) could be used as markers associated with male or female differentiation. According to the result of this study, there was sex-linked polymorphism or sex-linked genetic marker in parents, converted adult females, first generation (converted fries female) and second generation (mono sex super males) of Oreochromis aureus to identify the male and female individuals.