الفهرس 
Human HemoglobinOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common nutritional deficiency around the globe, yet universal standards of practice guidelines for diagnostic and treatment modalities are riddled with inconsistencies and disagreements among practitioners.the estimated prevalence of iron deficiency in varies from 30% in industrialized countries to 60% in other less developed parts of the world. The disparity likely represents myriad effects of access to health care, dietary quality and quantity, and reproductive frequency. Iron fortification and supplementation programs have reduced the prevalence of iron deficiency and anemia in developed countries, but a residual prevalence of around 10–20% in the United States suggests there is still room for more progress.Nonenzymatic glycation of proteins increases in diabetic patients. Of these glycated proteins, HbA1C is widely used as the current standard marker for monitoring chronic glycemic control and represents an important target for treatment of diabetic patients. HbA1c is defined as irreversible non-enzymatic glycation at one or both NH2- terminal valines of the b-chain. Hemoglobin (Hb) subfractions, formed by glycation of a- and b-chains in HbA, are collectively the glycohemoglobins (GHb). The actual extent of glycation and the relative involvement of the a- and b-chains still remain unclear.