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Abstract A total of 113 fattening buffaloe calves 8-18 month old were included in this study. Thirty-nine calves were clinically healthy and kep as control. Seventy-four calves were clinically diseased and showed a various degree of digestive and respiratory manifistations during the prevalence of three successive outbreaks at the following fattening stations; EI-Hawatka, Om-EI-Kosour, and EI-Shamia fattening stations at Assiut Province. The study included clinical, haematological, some biochemical and serological examinations. The clinical signs observed in calves affected mainly with respiratory disturbances were, sudden onset of fever and variable degree of anorexia. Clear serous nasal discharges, frequent coughing and mild conjunctivitis. Reddness of the nasal mucosae, and in some cases minute abrasions of variable size were observed in both nasal and oral mucous membranes. Most of the affected calves developed diarrhoea which varied from soft passage of faeces to profuse watery greyish diarrhoea. About 5-10% of calves developed symptoms of enzootic bronchopneumonia, infrequent painful cough and mixed dyspnoea associated with mucopurulent nasal discharge and moderate fever were observed. Auscultation of the chest revealed the presence of moist rales over scattered areas of the lung. The main symptoms in the group of calves with enteritis were profuse watery diarrhoea which in some cases bloody tinged and associated with mild degree of dehydration. Marked leukopenia was observed in the early stage of illness (Group II,III,V) while Leukocytosis was observed in the group of calves showing symptoms of enzootic bronchopneumonia. Lowered values of RBCs and Hb were observed in all diseased cases (Group III, IV, V) howevere the group of acute upper respiratory tract infection and that of convalescence did not showed significant alteration in the blood picture except mild lymphocytic leukocytosis, was observed in the convalescent stage of illness. The mean values of blood pH, Pco2 mmHg, Hco; mmol./L. and Base’ excess B.E mmol./L.) for the clinically healthy group were (7.360 + 0.037, 46.72 ~ 3.85, 26.26 ~ 2.02 and 0.62 ~ 2.09 respectively). Respiratory acidosis was observed in calves with enzootic bronchopneumonia, the mean values of blood pH, Pco2 and base excess in this group were, (7.231~ 0.068, 60.15~7.039 mmHg and-O.5~2.3 mmol/L.) respectively Mixed acidosis (respiratory and metabolic) was observed in group of pneumoenteritis The mean values of blood pH, Pco 2 Hco; and B.E in this group were 7.235 ~ 0.074, 49.3~4.14 21.5 + 2.12 and -5.44+ 4.2 respectively. The group of calves with enteritis showed metabolic acidosis, blood pH (7.230~ 0.93), Hco; (p.5 + 3.5 mmol./L.) and Base excess (-8.23 +. 3.36 mmol./L.)’ The serum protein pattern revealed lowered values of total protein, and albumin in group of calves showing symptoms of .nteritis and pneumoentRritis when compared with that of clinically healthy. Higher’values of serum globulin was observud in the convalescent group of calves. |