الفهرس 
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Abstract
Blood samples were collected from a total of (69) Egyptian cows. Of these animals (49) cattle were suffering from metabolic disturbances and the remaining (20) animals were used as a control group.
- These cows were selected from different localities at Sharkia province and examined within one week before parturition and forty days after parturition.
- The diseased cattle were divided into 3 groups:
Group I : Included (7) cows that diagnosed as parturient paresis.
Group II: Included (28) cattle and diagnosed as hypophos-phataemia.
Group III: Included (14) cattle and diagnosed as grass tetany.
The present study was carried out to investigate: 1- The casue of some metabolic diseases:
* Parturient paresis: Hypocalcaemia was showed as a principle biochemical findings of parturitient paresis in cows, the mean value of serum calcium was 4.14+0.99 while in normal control group the mean value was 10.15+1.06 mg%.
* Hypophosphataemia: In the diseased cows, serum
analysis reveals that hypophosphataemia was the principle biochemical finding of the disease. The mean
value of serum phosphorous in diseased cattle was 2.38+0.89
mg% while in clinically healthy cattle was 5.67+0.54 mg%.
* Grass tetany: The biochemical findings of the disease appeared to be low magnesium level in blood where the mean value of serum magnesium in diseased cattle was
0.89+0.30 mg% but in normal control group the mean value was 2.78+0.30 mg%.
2- Also the present study is carried out to study the clinical signs appeared in different groups of cattle,
suffering from metabolic diseases. The most prominant clinical symptoms were:
* Parturient paresis: Clinically cattle
showed indigestion followed by aneroxia with marked
DROP of milk quantity with low temperature (37°C).
Some cattle recumbent and showing signs of twisting
animal appears to be in in Comatose stage.
The most characteristic
clinical signs were, Inappetence with marked decrease in milk yield. Some cows become weak, stagers then recumbent with brown to coffe urine. These cases occur
usually at the end of berseem
from February to May. season during the period
* Grass tetany: The most important clinical signs
hypocalcaemic
head side where the affected a deep sleep lying on sternum * Metabolic hypophosphataemia:
included: Sudden inappetence, uncomfortable, walking with staggaring gait with galloping attachs to any touch, lastly tetanic convulsions to the limbs of recumbent animal which has moderate hyperthermia.
3- Studying of biochemical changes in different groups: Parturient paresis: Biochemical analysis of sera of clinically hypocalcaemic cattle showed very highly significant decrease in serum calcium and inorganic phosphorous and significant decrease in magnesium, the mean values were 4.14+0.99 mg%, 3.12+0.59 mg% and 1.89+0.45 mg% for serum calcium, phosphorous and
magnesium; respectivley. Also there were highly significant increase in serum alkaline phosphatase (A.P), GOT and GPT and the mean values were 93.2+5.9 na, 95.8+3.75 IU/ml and 35.55+0.48 IU/ml respec-
tively.
In metabolic hypophosphataemia in cattle. There was very highly significant decrease in serum inorganic phospho-rous and the mean value was 2.38+0.89 mg%. Also there was significant decrease in calcium and the mean value was 7.09+1.38 mg% but serum magnesium not significant and the mean value was 2.75+0.23. Also there were highly significant increase serum A.P, GOT and GPT and the mean values were 106.0+5.23 IU/L, 79.47+0.4 IU/ml and 35.59+0.49 IU/ml respectively.
* In cattle with lactation tetany there was very highly significant decrease in serum magnesium, highly significant decrease in serum calcium and significnat decrease in serum phosphorous and the mean values were 0.89+0.30 mg%, 5.5+0.98 mg% and 4.20+0.69 mg%, respect-ively. Also there were a highly significant increase in serum A.P, GOT and GPT and the mean values were 90.57+4.091 IU/L, 76.88+3.87 IU/ml and 28.53+0.85 IU/ml respectively.
4- Treatment trial of diseased cases:
Cattle with parturient paresis treated with calcium preparations therapy such as Cal.D.Mag together with, vit. D also calphon or calphomage with vitamin D prepa-ration the treatment gives rapid recovery in six cases but one case was in Comatose stage not responded.
Cattle with hypophosphataemia treated with phosphorous preparations such as: Catozal with Tonophosphan or phospho 20: 20cc i/v for 3 successive days together with glucose 5% some cases treated by oral doseing of sodium acid phosphate 100 gm for three successive days where twenty eight diseased cases treated, twenty five were responded to treatment and three cases not respond.
* Lactation tetany disease responded to magnesium prepara-tions such as Calphomage 500 cc i/v for 3 successive days or i/v injection of Cal.D.Mag 500 cc for three days together with magnesium sulphate 250 cc s/c 10% for three days or magnesium sulphate 250 cc i/v 5% for three days, where forteen cases were treated, ten diseased cases recovered and four cases not respond.
During treatment by i/v injection of MgSo4 5%, stop injection when pulse rate increased up.