الفهرس 
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Abstract
Patients treated for pediatric malignancy are at a high risk for parenterally viral hepatitis. Blood products transfusions are the major risk factors.
One hundred and twenty patients proved to have acute lymphatic leukemia attending to Abo El-Reish Student Health Insurance Hospital during the period from March 2006 to March 2007 enrolled in this study newly diagnosed cases of pediatric malignancy (ALL) 120 patients two groups (A) newly diagnosed patients before starting chemotherapy, (B) 6 months after treated with chemotherapy patients of these group were subjected to full clinical evaluation, sera of these patients were investigated for liver functions hepatitis BsAg, HBV DNA by PCR (if HBV markers were positive) HCV-Ab and HCV RNA by PCR (if HCV markers were positive).
The seropositive for HBV-Ag there was stastis-tically significant difference in HBV Ag between before and after chemotherapy, where Z equal 2.23 at P-value <0.05. The percentage of positive case in before chemotherapy equal 7.5% versus 11.7% in after chemotherapy, while the percentage of negative cases in before chemotherapy equal 92.5% versus 88.3% in after chemotherapy.
In HCV Ab there was statistically significant difference in HCV Ab between before and after chemotherapy, where Z equal 4.58 at P-value <0.01. The percentage of positive case in before equal 29.2% versus 46.7% in after, while the percentage of negative cases in before chemotherapy equal 70.8% versus 53.3% in after chemotherapy.
In HBV DNA between before and after chemotherapy, where Z equal 2.24 at P-value <0.05. The percentage of positive case in before chemotherapy equal 5% versus 0.8% in after, while the percentage of negative cases in before chemotherapy equal 95% versus 99.2% in after.
In HCV Ab between before and after chemotherapy, where Z equal 4.59 at P-value <0.01. The percentage of positive case in before chemotherapy equal 9.2% versus 26.7% in after, while the percentage of negative cases in before chemotherapy equal 90.8% versus 73.3% in after.
There was statistically significant increase in the number of blood units transfusion with the increased of HBV and HCV seropositively after 6 monhts of chemotherapy infection of HBV and HCV not only delay chemotherapy and alter the prognosis of malignant disease but also worsen the outcome of successfully treated of pediatric oncology patients because of progression to cirrhosis.