الفهرس 
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Abstract
Cryptosporidium is a coccidian protozoon that was firstly described by Tyzzer (1907). Levine (1984), reported the presence of four valid Cryptosporidium species i.e L Crotali in reptiles, . meleagridis in birds, £.muris in mammals and C nasorum in fish. Cryptosporidium has been found in the intestinal and respiratory epithelial cells (Navine & Jurnaek, 1984). Tzipori £J. J.. (1980) reported that Crvvtosvoridium was transmissible between a wide range of host species.
Human cryptosporidiosis was reported for the first time in United States of America by Nime j gj (1976). from 1976 to 1983, it was reported in irnniunocompromised patients as an opportunistic infection (Soave .t 4., 1984). Subsequently there had been several reports of cryptosporicliosis in immunocompetent patient (Mata t El., 1984).
Cryptosporicliosis was identified by Hojlyng .t j. (1984) in an age range from 2 months to 60 years with 2 peaks of incidence. The frequency of cryptosporidiosis was found to be higher in urban slums than in villages (Casemore & Jackson, 1983) and in developing countries than in developed ones (Baxby & Blundell,, 1983).
Two groups of individuals are more susceptible to infection, the immunocompromised persons (Current .j El., 1983) and those in contact with infected animals (Jokipii j nj., 1983). Casemore 4. (1985a) reported that water, raw milk and food were proposed as sources of infection while man to man transmission was suggested by Kook 4. (1985).
The infection was recognized as a cause of severe protracted diarrhoea in immunocompromised patients and self-limited enteritis in immunocompetent hosts (Soave & Armstrong, 1986).
Diagnosis of infection with Cryptosporidium depends on demonstrating various stages of the parasite in biopsies of the gastrointestinal tract or the oocysts in faecal specimens (Navine & Jurnaek, 1984). Wilson & Acres (1982) advised the use of various
sedimentation or floatation techniques to concentrate oocysts from the bulk of the faecal material.
Various staining methods were applied to detect oocysts as Giemsa, carbol-fuchsin, modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique (Carcia fij., 1983), and safranin (Baxby j j., 1984). Carbol-fuchsin negative staining with phenol auramine was used as a simple rapid screening technique (Casemore j j., 1985b).
Indirect immuno-fluorescence assays for serum antibodies were reported by Campbell & Current (1983) and ELISA was performed to detect serum IgG and Ig M (Ungar j nj., 1986).
Spiramycin was considered the drug of choice in treatment of cryptosporidiosis (Gross gj nj., 1986). Alpha difluometbyl - ornithine was found to have some activity against protozoa associated with clinical improvement (Janoff & Refler, 1987).
So, in the present study different stains were used in order to find the most suitable one for detection of the infected cases.