الفهرس 
Introduction
Endothelial progenitor cellsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Stem cells are relatively unspecialized cells at the origin of all tissues and organs in the body. Bone marrow and umbilical cord stem cells are more important than other types of cells as they are rich source of stem cells.
Umbilical cord blood is best alternative to bone marrow transplant, as bone marrow transplant requires a complete match on six key antigens. These are the key antigens of graft versus host reaction known as 6/6 match whereas for the cord blood transplant requirement of only 4/6 match. The disparity of only two or less can tolerate. Apart from this there are several other reasons for which they cause less graft versus host reaction; high level of IL-10 expression and decreased expression of beta-2 micro globulin, also the rate of disease relapse is lower. It becomes important to invest in cord blood bank so that they can meet certain standards in relation to cell dose and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) diversity.
The fact that umbilical cord stem cells can be easily harvested from the blood present in the umbilical cord that links the baby to the placenta or from the Wharton’s Jelly or placental tissues is of great advantage.
Cord blood derived stem cells have shown the potential to be transformed into differentiated cell type when treated in specialized cell culture conditions and can produce organ-specific tissue. They have been utilized in a variety of regenerative medicine applications including therapy for Fanconi anemia, buerger’s disease, heart valve replacement, hematological malignancy as infantile leukaemia, type 1 diabetes, hearing loss, stroke, cerebral palsy, Parkinson’s disease, SLE, inherited metabolic disease, Alzheimer’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, ocular surface disease, spinal cord injury and gene therapy for bronchioalveolar carcinoma and glioma.