الفهرس 
1.Introduction and Aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
It is generally accepted that TB is responsible for 2-3 million
deaths and more than 8 million new cases annually. The majority of
these occur in developing countries, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa,
where a substantial proportion of the population (perhaps as much as a
third) is thought to be latently infected. Though they are able to
control the initial infection, they may later reactivate their disease if
they become immune compromised.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT), the causative agent of TB, is
a facultative intracellular parasite of macrophages. The bacillus is
non-motile and lacks the secreted toxins used by extracellular
bacterial pathogens to fashion an environment suitable for growth in
the infected host. In order for MT to establish infection it must first
gain entry into resident alveolar macrophages following inhalation of
infectious aerosols. Macrophages patrolling the distal airways avidly
engulf inhaled bacteria using a variety of phagocytic receptors.
The regulation of PCD or apoptosis is an essential determinant
of the cell life span. The Bcl-2 family of apoptosis-associated proteins
consists of members that inhibit apoptosis (Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, Mcl-1, A1,
etc.) and others that induce apoptosis (Bax, Bak, Bad, Bcl-xs, Bik,
etc.), and the balance between pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic
members determines the fate of the cells in many systems.
In this study 58 cases grouped as 27 as healthy control and 31
patients suspected to be infected with pulmonary tuberculosis were
selected from Mansoura and El-mahalla chest hospitals. Morning
sputum samples were collected from them under certain precautions
and examined for TB by ZN staining and culture on LJ medium.
All thirty one patients were proved to be tuberculosis patients
by positive ZN staining for acid fast bacilli and culture on
Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J) medium.
The fifty eight samples were 47(81%) males and 11 (18%)
females with ages ranged from 21 to 62 years.
Patients presented with fever, night sweat, and cough. (15 with
pleural effusion, 12 with empyema, and 5 with apical cavitation)
presented with loss of weight, productive cough, and hemoptysis.
In this study , Bcl2 levels was significantly increased in the TB
patients compared to the control group and P53 showed a significant
increased in T.B. patients compared with healthy controls.
This study showed highly significant increase in MDA in
T.B patients compared with that of control ,on the other hand, there
was a highly significant decrease in the serum levels of T.B. patients’
catalase and total antioxidant capacity TAC compared with that of
healthy volunteers.
Our results on the cell-cycle analysis showed that G2/M peak
showed highly significant increase in cases of T B than that of healthy
controls 6.84 + 08.11 and 02.82 + 0.31, respectively P<0.01. While,
the mean G1/0 peak showed a highly significant decrease in cases of T
B Than that of controls. S phase % in peripheral blood lymphocytes
in T.B. patients showed a highly significant increase compared to
group. Also, The T.B patients showed a very highly significant
increase in patients’ apoptosis compared with control.
In conclusion, from the results we can be discussed that the
ability to measure bcl-2 protein could be useful as a prognostic marker
of T.B patients.
These results indicated that p53 play important roles in T.B.