الفهرس 
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Abstract
Introduction: Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) has been observed by pathologists and cardiologists for more than two centuries, this coronary anomaly was first described by Morgagni in 1761. The most commonly used angiographic definition of CAE is the diameter of the ectatic segment being more than 1.5 times larger compared with an adjacent healthy reference segment, Zeina et al., 2007 determined that the prevalence of CAE in consecutive participants who underwent coronary multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) was 8%, An incidence as high as 12% in an Indian population, which may have different demographic characteristics, Lam and Ho 2004 from Singapore found the incidence of ectasia was 1.2%, the incidence of coronary ectasia in Turkish population has been reported to be 1.4–5.3%.
Aim of Work: The aim of this study is to screen for the prevalence of CAE among Egyptian patients, assess possible causes and risk factors of CAE, assessment of LV functions in patients with CAE and to qualify and quantify CAE as regard severity, extent of CAE and associated stenotic CAD in coronary angiography.
Methods: we evaluated 2163 patients admitted for elective coronary angiography at the catheterization lab. in Mansoura Medical Specialized Hospital, Mansoura University in the period between January 2009 and December 2011, we selected 236 patients for our study, they were (174) males and (62) females, mean age of (54.07 ± 8.45) years. Patients were classified into 4 main groups: Group 1: Patients with isolated coronary artery ectasia. They were (86) patients, (65) males and (21) females with their mean age (54.22 ± 8.529) years, Group 2: Patients with atherosclerosis and coronary artery ectasia, they were (56) patients, (49) males and (6) females with their mean age (55.2 ± 9.198) years, Group 3: Patients with slow flow phenomenon. They were (70) patients, (41) males and (29) females with their mean age (53.0 ± 8.04) years and Group 4: Patients with significant coronary lesions only. They were (25) patients, (19) males and (6) females with their mean age (54.08 ± 7.697) years.
Results: The incidence of CAE in our study was 6.52%, whereas the incidence of isolated CAE was 3.98 % and atherosclerotic ectasia was 2.54 %, It is noted that incidence in our study was higher than most studies except Sharma et al., 1990 who found an incidence as high as 12% in an Indian population. Most cases of CAE occurred between 40 and 60 years. The incidence of CAE was significantly higher in males Significant lower incidence of DM in patients with CAE. Significant higher incidence of smoking in patients with CAE suggesting that smoking may be one of the risk factors for the development of CAE. Non significant difference in the incidence of other classic cardiovascular risk factors of ACAD as HTN, family history, obesity (BMI) between groups which may reflect similar risk factors and pathogenesis between CAE and ACAD. Non significant difference in the incidence of HCV between groups and the incidence of HCV was generally low in all groups ranging from 8 to 25 % and was highest in patients with CAE.
Conclusion: Significant difference in ectasia diameter in different clinical presentations being highest inpatients presenting with dyspnea and lowest in patients presenting with STEMI in the last week. Significant difference in ectasia ratio in different clinical presentations being highest inpatients presenting with dyspnea and lowest in patients presenting with unstable angina.