الفهرس 
Anticoccidial efficacy of the tested anticoccidial drugs.Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 232 |  |  |
| | | from | 232 | | |
Abstract
Coccidiosis specially the cecal coccidiosis is one of the most important
parasitic diseases affecting poultry, characterized by tissue damage, diarrhea,
blood loss, high morbidity, mortality and continue to be as a source of
significant economic losses in poultry production due to the deteriorated birds
performances.
Cecal coccidiosis became as an increasing problem and most poultry
producers blame on the absence of an ideal control program. This gave the
research in cecal coccidiosis an essential trend to cover some points about the
ideal methods for the prevention, control and treatment of this disease.
Diclazuril is a recent chemical anticoccidial drug and its available premix
used for prevention of coccidiosis in broiler chickens but long term of exposure
to any drug will produce a loss in its sensitivity and eventually resistance.
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the anticoccidial curative
efficacy of the new formulation of diclazuril (drinking water form) and to
compare its efficacy with the efficacy of other anticoccidial drugs including
toltrazuril or combination of amprolium plus ethopabate or with other
combinations including diclazuril with either toltrazuril or ethopabate or
amprolium or sulfaquinoxaline or trimethoprim or diaveridine, this in broiler
chickens which infected experimentally either with mixed Eimeria species or E.
tenella spp. Also to determine the stage of Eimeria tenella life cycle on which
diclazuril induced its anticoccidial activity. Moreover, some hematological
changes which may occure in chickens after administration of the tested drugs
were also studied. In addition, the residual pattern of diclazuril in different tissues after its administration in drinking water at 5 ppm for 5 successive days
was estimated.
In the present work, five hundred one day old hubbard broiler chicks of both
sex were used in three experiments, 1st experiment, 2nd experiment and 3rd
experiment. In the 1st experiment 160 chicks were divided into 10 equal groups:
control non infected non treated (G1), control infected non treated (G2) (infected
with 50.000 sporulated oocysts of mixed Eimeria spp. / bird at 14th day old) and
other groups infected and treated with either diclazuril alone (5 ppm) (G3) or
toltrazuril alone (25 ppm) (G4) or diclazuril (2.5 ppm) plus toltrazuril (12.5
ppm) (G5) or diclazuril (2.5 ppm) plus ethopabate (15 ppm) (G6) or diclazuril
(2.5 ppm) plus amprolium (120 ppm) (G7) or diclazuril (2.5 ppm) plus
sulfaquinoxaline (62.5 ppm) (G8) or diclazuril (2.5 ppm) plus trimethoprim (20
ppm) (G9) or diclazuril (2.5 ppm) plus diaveridine (12.5 ppm) (G10),
respectively, in drinking water, starting from 5th day post infection and
continued for two successive days in 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th groups, and for four
successive days in 7th, 8th, 9th and 10th groups.
In the 2nd experiment, ninety chicks were used and divided into 6 equal
groups: control non infected non treated (G1), control infected non treated (G2)
(infected with 15.000 sporulated oocysts of Eimeria tenella spp. / bird at 14th
day old) and other groups infected and treated with either diclazuril alone (5
ppm) (G3) or toltrazuril alone (25 ppm) (G4) or diclazuril (2.5 ppm) plus
toltrazuril (12.5 ppm) (G5) or amprolium (240 ppm) plus ethopabate (15 ppm)
(G6) respectively, in drinking water starting from 5th dpi and continued for 2
successive days in 3rd, 4th and 5th groups, and for 5 successive days in 6th group.
In the 3rd experiment, 250 chicks were used and divided into 5 equal groups:
control non infected non treated (G1), control infected non treated (G2) (infected
with 25.000 sporulated oocysts of Eimeria tenella spp. / bird at 14th day old) and
other groups infected and treated with either diclazuril alone (5 ppm) (G3) or toltrazuril alone (25 ppm) (G4) or amprolium (240 ppm) plus ethopabate (15
ppm) (G5), respectively, in drinking water, starting from 1st day of infection and
continued for 5 successive days in all groups. This experiment continued till 45th
day old.