الفهرس 
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Abstract
Pain is defined as unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. This definition recognizes the interplay between objective, physiological and sensory aspects of pain and its subjective, emotional and psychological components. (Morgan et al., 2006).
In general pain devides into acute and chronic pain.acute pain (Hold Croft et al., 2005).
Evaluation of pain involves history, physical examination, psychosocial evaluation and interventional diagnostic procedures( Anesthesiology, 2010)
Modalities of chronic pain management involves 1.Pharmacological management Choosing an analgesic treatment will largely depend on the cause and intensity of pain and other individual patient factors, drug-drug interactions, drug-disease interactions, adherence to therapy, and cost. ( American Geriatrics Society,2009) 2.Nerve block it is used for pain treatment and management. Often a group of nerves, called a plexus or ganglion, that causes pain to a specific organ or body region can be blocked with the injection of medication into a specific area of the body. (Ephraim,2009) 3.Physical therapy (PT), in association with occupational therapy (OT), has an important role in functional restoration for patients with chronic pain syndrome (Nijs et al, 2009) 4.Occupational Therapy is very important for initiating gentle active measurements and preliminary desensitization techniques with patients who have chronic pain, especially regional chronic pain syndrome. (Durosaro et al,2008) 5.Recreational therapy can help the patient with chronic pain take part in pleasurable activities that help decrease pain. (Durosaro O et al,2008) 6.Psychophysiologic therapy this type of therapy consists of reassurance, counseling, relaxation therapy, stress management programs, and biofeedback techniques. 7.Vocational therapy should be recommended and initiated early for all appropriate patients. 8.Psychological interventions in conjunction with medical intervention, PT, and OT, increase the effectiveness of the treatment program. (Tang et al, 2009) 9. Surgery.