الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract Soil and water agro-management techniques play an important role in grown crops for high profit, supplying available water in the root zone environment, and maintaining soil fertility in water scarcity regions and less productive soils which impose some hazard stress. The efficient management of soils and water requires the sustainable approaches for soil and water management, in addition to other agronomic techniques. For achieving the current study objectives, three sites differed in calcium carbonate content (i.e., 5-6%, 13-15% and 25-30%) were chosen in DEMO, El-Fayoum Governorate, Egypt. Some soil and water management techniques through using of different organic manure application levels and irrigation treatments via different available soil moisture depletion levels in soils at the three chosen sites along two successive seasons grown two crops. The used soil management practices were through using four levels of organic carbon application (i.e., 0.0, 3.0, 6.0 and 9.0 ton/fed.) However three different irrigation treatments (as a water management)where used in which irrigation at 30, 50 and 70 % depletion of soil moisture. Four replicates were used. Incorporation of the used organic manure was conducted in a depth of 40cm and completed prior to planting. Sunflower and barley crops were grown under the used soil and water management techniques under the environmental conditions of the current study along to two successive seasons. The obtained results revealed that the applied treatments (organic manure applications and irrigation treatments) resulted in significant and considerable effects on the studied soil properties such as; decreased bulk density, increased each of total porosity , void ratio, ABSTRACT air porosity , large proportion of macropores, and improved pores continuity and soil water retention and transmission. This has been positively reflected upon the growth, yield and quality of the grown sunflower and barley crops. Such effects were varied among the used treatments to a large extent and magnitude .Additionally, the used applied treatments and considerable effects of the studied water relations such as; improved water consumptive use and increased the water utilization efficiency in addition increasing the soil moisture extraction pattern (%) from the upper soil layer (0-30 cm depth ) on subsurface layer (30-60). The significant and detectable variation among the studied soil properties, growth parameters and yield and quality of sunflower and barley crops as well as the water relations are due to the effective and ameliorative role of the applied treatments and to the change in moisture and air contents, improved soil physical properties and increased the water holding capacities. Consequently , such inducted findings and statements must be taken into account to produce high productivity of the grown sunflower and barley crops in different textured soils, in addition to reduce the hazardous effects of calcium carbonate content and drought stresses and to get high sunflower and barley crops yield with satisfactory quality and better efficiency of irrigation water. |