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Abstract
Leishmania is a genus of kinetoplastid protozoa and is responsible for the disease leishmaniasis. It spread through sandfly of the genus Phlebotomus in the old world and the genus Lutzomyia in the new world. Their primary hosts are vertebrates; hyraxes , canids, rodents and humans (Ryan and Rey ,2004).The disease currently affects 12 million people in 88 countries. It is manifested in three clinical forms; cutaneous, mucocutaneous or visceral leishmaniasis (Desjeux,1999).
This Article Aims To Review Recent Knowledge Concerning Immune Protection And Immune Evasion Mechanisms In Leishmaniasis.