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Abstract
Capsular opacification is a major problem that faces cataract surgeons and
affects the resultant visual acuity (VA). Quantification of capsule
opacification is essential to evaluate the new preventive methods of PCO
and allows timely intervention with YAG laser capsulotomy.
The ideal system of evaluation should be objective, easy to perform, have
minimal bias and produce a quantifiable PCO value that correlates well with
VA changes.
Different qualitative and quantitative methods of PCO evaluation have
been reported. Qualitative methods, such as slit lamp grading evaluation and
fundus visualization, can illustrate PCO but are subjective and have
difficulty calculating PCO evolution.
Different techniques have been adopted for capsule imaging including
Scheimpflug system, Optical Coherence Tomography and digital imaging.
Digital image acquisition is particularly suited to the study of the PCO.83
The analysis of retroillumination images presents unique problems. Fusion
of digital retroillumination images with the current versions of softwares
provided highly satisfactory results when a coaxial illumination system was
used.
Recently, new methods of PCO quantitative evaluation have been reported.
They include brightness based analysis, computerized analysis of densityboundaries, density map system, texture analysis system and color-coded
grid system. No one system can be considered a gold standard, and each has
advantages and disadvantages. Yet, Texture analysis is regarded to be the
nearest to a fully objective system for analysis