الفهرس 
Material and methodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Pedological studies were carried out on zones of encroachment
between the Nile Alluvial Delta soils and the neighbouring
desert sands of Eastern desert in Qalubeya. Five traverse lines
were taken and included 29 profiles extending from the Nile
(Domietta branch) to the Eastern desert.
Soils varied considerably from the alluvial thick~layered
fine textured near the Nile to the sandy coarse j:.e at the
desert side. Bulk density was 1.16 to 1.76 g/cm3, particle density
2.52 to 2.81 g/cm3, total porosity 44 to 55%, pH 6.86 to
8.60, CaC03 nil to 23.9%, gypsum was less than 1%, organic
matter: nil to 2.66%, EC 0.31 to 25 dS/m, exchangeable sodium
percent (ESP): 3.9 to 60%.
Soluble cations were dominated by Na followed by Ca then Mg;
potassium was very little. Soluble anions were dominated by SO.
in most profiles followed by Cl then HC03 with no C03 except in 3
horizons. Cation exchange capacity CEC : 2.7 to 56.2 me/IOO g
soil dominated by Ca in most cases followed by Mg then Na and K.
Light minerals of the sand fraction were dominated by quartz
which constituted more than 96% of them, feldspars constituted
less than 4% of the light minerals. The main feldspars were
plagioclase and orthoclase with microcline being the least.
Heavy minerals of the sand fraction constituted of opaques
(representing 27.5-66% of them), nonopaques (9-24 pyroxenes; 8-
24% amphiboles; 5 to 16% epidotes). other heavy minerals include
rutile, tourmaline, zircon, garnet, kyanite, biotite, and
staurolite.Clay minerals of the clay fraction were mainly montmorillonites
followed by vermiculites then kaolinite and there were
interstratified minerals. Quartz and feldspars were the major
constituents of accessory minerals. There were calcites and
apatites also.
Soils of the Nile Delta were~rrerts and1forrifluvents and
those of the encroachment zones were iforrifluvents, Itorriorthents,-
rorripsamments and Ealciorthids, while the desert sands
were Torripsamments, and ’lOrriorthents.
Sedimentology assessments were carried out on the soils and
the indications showed water as well as wind influence on soil
formation