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Abstract
The present study was carried out on 25 adult donkeys. The animals were divided into five groups each of five animals. Experimental strangulation obstruction of the small intestine was performed in four groups (І, ІІ, ІІІ and ІV) for 3, 6, 9 and 12 hours respectively. The fifth group was used as a control group (V). The operation was done through the left flank where the strangulation obstruction was performed by occlusion of the distal part of the jejunum and its draining veins. The jejunum was only manipulated and returned to the abdomen in the control group.
The clinical findings were recorded before surgery and at 3 hours intervals postoperatively. Blood samples were also collected for hematological examinations and biochemical analysis. The donkeys were euthanized at 3, 6, 9 and 12h postoperatively for groups І, ІІ, ІІІ and ІV respectively and the intestinal segments were evaluated grossly and histopathologically.
Specimens were taken for the histopathological examination from the strangulated part and 10 cm, 1, 2 and 3 meters cranial to it. The gross changes of the strangulated part were congestion, edema, dark red discoloration of the intestinal wall and mesentery at 3 hrs postoperatively. These changes dramatically increased with time up to 6, 9 and 12 hrs after strangulation. Examination of the strangulated part at 9 and 12 hrs postoperatively showed severe congestion, dark brown to blackish discoloration with fibrous shreds on the strangulated segment.
Destension of the intestine cranial to the strangulation increased in intensity and extended more cranially by increasing the period of strangulation. Peticheal hemorrhages were observed in the intestinal wall and its mesentery for a distance up to 3 meters in groups ІІІ and ІV.
Colic signs were observed before the depression of the experimented animals. There was changes in the clinical, hematological and biochemical parameters. After strangulation intestinal obstruction there was significant reduction in the BT, while RR, PR, HR and CRT showed significant increase. Hematological examination revealed marked increase in TEC, TLC, HGB and PCV. Biochemical analysis of the serum revealed significant reduction in Na, K, Cl and TP levels. Creatinine and urea levels showed significant increase.
The histopathological examination of the strangulated part of the small intestine showed necrosis and sloughing of epithelium, congestion, edema and hemorrhage in the lamina propria in the four groups. Hemorrhage of the intestinal villi appeared at 6 and 9hrs , The villi disappeared at 12hrs postoperatively.
The histopathological examination of the intestine 10 cm cranial to the strangulated part revealed necrosis and sloughing of epithelium, blunting of some villi congestion and edema in the lamina propria at 3h postoperatively. Thickening and blunting of the intestinal villi appeared at 6, 9 and 12 hours after the strangulation obstruction.
The histopathological examination of the intestine 1 m cranial to the strangulated part after 3hrs showed necrosis of epithelium, thickening of intestinal villi, congestion and edema in the lamina propria. Blunting of intestinal villi was observed at 12hrs after strangulation obstruction.
The histopathological examination of the intestine 2 m cranial to the strangulated part of the small intestine after 3hrs showed blunting of the villi and edema in the lamina propria. Necrosis of the epithelium appeared at 6, 9 and 12hrs after strangulation obstruction.
The histopathological examination of the intestine 3m cranial to the strangulated part of the small intestine after 3h showed edema in the lamina propria. Necrosis of epithelium appeared at 6, 9 and 12hrs after strangution. Thickening and blunting of intestinal villi and congestion in the lamina propria were observed at 6 and 9hrs. While adhesion of the epithelial villi was observed only at 12hrs postoperatively.