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Abstract It bGJ~rs green alternate J.1e~6nv • ves and loni6-stalked flowers. The ple,nt gives its flowers Februc,ry and March. The plant propagates by seeds. It croma~?lo~: The root is a cylindrical, fusiform tappat, 10 to 20 cm. long and about 0.5 to 1.0 Cffi. in diameter pering lateral roots, leaving the )~imary root at nearly ight angles. The main root and its branch.es carry numerous ootlet s. Externally , it is ee.rthy bro’-fl1. in colour., with a ough . surf 3.ce. It has a slight odour and is tasteless. entially elon0;ated , non-lignified cells. Some of the cork cells are -thin-walled but lignified. qecond~~~~o~tex: Narrow, of a few rows of, subrecctane;ular to polygonal, thin-walled, tansentially elongated Prime.g_CoFtex : Wide zone of polygonal to subrectanguular, tangentially elongated, parenchymatous cells with innintercellulo.r spaces. Few small simple starch granules, minute prisms of calciUill. oxalc.te as well as masses of ibrous tr~cheids with simple or ~ordGred pits accompanying the vessels. The fibres are lignified and forill the bulk of Medull~.r,y Rays : Lignified primary and secondary rays. Prim~ry bi-and triseriate and 30 cells in height. Secon- MacromorpholofJ:: : Erect, woody, profusely monopodi&lly branched, 70 to 3e. The surface, light green in colour, hairy in the Der part but 6l~brous in the lower part; fr&cture, short tl somev\’::.at fibrous; aromatic odour and bi tcer taste. cromor~_~: ~)id~r:”is : Polygonal, axially elongated cells, covered ’th thick, SLlooth cuticle. StOllO.to. of the anisocytic type s well as ;l[’~ndular trichomes vlith a uniseriate bicellular art stalk 8.nd a biseriate lllUlticellul’::T head of 4- to 6 ells. Also, nllillerous uniseriate, LLUlticellular nonular trichoiiles of 3 to 8 to 12 cells. Cortex : narrow, parenchymatous, ~ith 2 to 3 rows of ollenchy.:.aa at the ridges] .starch gre.nules e.l’J.d minutes risms of cc.lcium. oxalate present • Endodermis clear. ’Pericz~le : Parenchymatous with irr0er~upted ring of ignified fibres which are llore developed &t the ridges. Phloe:l .: n8.rrow, of soft elellleu·GS of sieve tubes, phloem pe.renchYm2. and com.panion cells. ~~EL: mostly secondary ring porous with pitted, lignified vessels accompanied with lignified fibres, traacheids, tracheidal vessels and wood parenchYma. Primary xylem indistinct of spiral and scalQriform vessels; medullary rays mumarous usually biseriate or triseriate, rarely uniseriate. Pith: Hide, parenchyraatous vvith starch granules, minute calcilliil oxalate. The Lee,f; : Alternate, Si!~lple, )Lm.c.cifid, sessile, stipulate, pale green to greenish-brown in colour. Linear, ob-lanceolate, sonewhat rcu1.cinate, entire apex, Venation re-cic·cllate. Upper epidermis of polygon2.l cells, with thin smooth uticle, having sinuated anticlinGl walls; lower epidermis with the u~per in shape and size. Stomata of the e.nisocytic type on both surfaces but more on the lower; numerous trichomes as those of the stem, of both glandular non-glandular types. Mesophzll : heterogeneous, isobi.lat.e:3.l with upper and lower palisades, each of 2 to 3 rows of cylindrical cells. Starch and calcium. oxalate are nq”tJ observed. Qortjcal Tiss~ : parenchymatous with subepidermal collenchyma in the midrib; starch E.nd c2.lcium oxalate are not observed. The cells contain brovmis:1 amorphous contents of tannin, staining greenish-black with ferric chloride solution. |