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Abstract
cute myeloid leukemia (AML)is a clinically, cytogenetically and molecularly heterogenous. About 30% of cases carry recurrent chromosomal abnormalities that identifies leukemia entities with distinct clinical and prognostic features, and10-15% of AMLs have non random chromosomal abnormalities. In cytogenetic analysis, 40-50% of AMLs show no cytogenetic abnormality (cytogenetically normal AML (CN-AML) which are biologically and clinically the most poorly understood
It was discovered that FLT3 mutations are the most frequent abnormality in AML. It has been reported to be involved in leukemogenesis. It plays a role in autonomus cell proliferation, differentiation block and inhibition of apoptosis of AML cells.
The present work aimed to investigate FLT3 expression levels in adult AML patients by Real time PCR (HRMA) and to correlate its level with different cytogenetic subgroups,immunophenotyping and other prognostic factors., Bone marrow or peripheral blood samples were obtained from 30 AML patients, 11males and 19 females. Five matched individuals with non hematological malignancy were chosen as a control group.
The ITD mutation was found in 36.7% patients. The incidence was higher among females and it was associated higher total leucocytic count, higher bone marrow and peripheral blood blast percentage, higher WBCs index and lower platelet count. However, no significant relation was found between FLT3-ITD and the Hb level and LDH level. There was a higher incidence of FLT3 –ITD among patients with normal karyotype by conventional cytogenetic analysis. The mutation was not associated with certain FAB subtype. However M5 showed higher incidence of FLT3-ITD.