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Abstract
Summary
Thies study was conducted on 22 adult patients of both sexes with age of more than 19 years and hemogolobin concentration 11g dl and asa I & II woh were admitted to suez canal university hospita and scheduled for major orthopedic operations with expected blood loss 205 of total blood volume that necessitate blood transfusion .they wererandomly equallyallocated to ome of two groups. in groupI, eleven patients were includes and received normal saline saline 0.95 for replacement of blood withdrawn for anh(ns group) in group II, eleven patients were includes and received haessteril 65 for replacement ofblood withdrawn for (hes group).
patients suffering form coronary artery disase, cerebrovascular disease, hepatic dysfunction, renal impairment, those treated with beta adrenergic blockers, those suffering from hypertension, patients with restrictive or obstructivelung disease, coagulopathies, platelet count less than 100000/ul, and hematocrit level less than 30% were excluded form this study.