الفهرس 
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Abstract
Timsah Lake and its northern and southern open boundaries in
This thesis is devoted to investigating the characteristics
nd circulation of currents and the tidal regime in Timsah Lake
lnd at its northern and southern open boundaries in the Suez
:anal. The investigation consists of two parts: (i) Site inves-
;igations ( measurements and analysis ),
(ii) Testing the
ralidity of the mathematical hydrodynamic modelling technique in f
such complex system using Leendertse’s two-dimensional semi-
mplicit multi-operational finite difference scheme.
A Measurement programme was
carried out to measure the
ecessary data needed for the study. The programme consisted of
idal elevation gauging, and current speed and direction
easurements in the Suez canal at the northern and southern open
boundaries of the lake, and at other selected locations
( stations ) in the lake. The programme included observation of
wind speed and direction, and some salinity measuremer-i;s. All
measurements were carried out simultaneously. The data obtained
from the measurements are presented herein. The measurements are
very useful in getting a ”portrait” of the tidal regime, and
understanding the controlling factors in the current dynamics
he Suez canal as presented in the conclusions.
To test the validity of the mathematical modelling technique,
he Leendertse’s scheme was used to model the Timsah Lake
ydrodynamic system. From the field measurements, different
Itions of the wind and tidal elevations at the open bound-
Of the lake were selected to be used as the basis of the
T data for the model to compute the corresponding currents
Water surface elevations in the lake, and to compare the
f
Putted results to the measurements. In these tests of
Ldity, the other factors affecting current circulation such
The bottom topography and roughness, the lake configuration,
The coriolis force were included. The model has been able
Reasonably predict the tidal dynamics of Timsah Lake hydro-
lamic system, as evidenced by the very good agreement of
lputed water levels, and reasonable agreement of computed
~rent results to the site measurements of Timsah Lake. The
)w pattern in the lake predicated by the model is also
~sented.
The object of this study has been accomplished. Considerable
sight into the current and tidal dynamics of Timsah Lake
stem has been gained as presented in the conclusions, and an
r.urate set of current and surface elevatic~ data has been
hieved for use by environmental and interested engineers.