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Abstract
necrosis histologically following 30 minutes of ischaemia but the concept of cardioplegia was kept alive. Kirsch et al., introduced a cardioplegic solution that mainly contained procaine, shortly after, Bretschneider etused a low potassium, low calcium, procaine stabilized solution.
In 1973, Gay and Ebert. re-introduced the concept of cardioplegia as a protective, method with careful control of ionic constituents and osmolality. This was followed by the wide-spread clinical use of hypothennic crystalloid potassium cardioplegia, one of which is the St. Thomas hospital solution that was published by Hearse, Stewart and Braimbridge in 1976 and was used for more than 10 years., An important modification was submitted in 1978 when Follette and co-worIcers(1°) described the advantage of a blood based potassium carrying medium that would provide the ischaemic heart with oxygen and substrates not routinely provided by crystalloid solution.
Over the last years, diverse cardioplegic solutions have been proposed the main variations in these solutions are related to ionic composition, osmolality, onconicity, membrane stabilization, buffering capacity, oxygen level, haematocrit and temperature.